Evolution of Developmental Behaviour Paediatrics(DBP)In the Chinese Speaking Regions in Asia

1 DBP as a Subspecialty under Paediatrics and Child Health Developmental Paediatrics was established first in the United Kingdomin 1950’s at the Newcomen Clinic at Guy’s     

As tears go by: Baby tears trigger more brain activity than adult tears in nulliparous women

The current functional magnetic resonance imaging study examines brain activity during the perception of infant and adult tears. Infant tears evoke stronger responses in the visual cortex than adult tears, indicating that infant tears are highly salient. In addition, our study shows that infant tears uniquely activate somatosensory pain regions, which could stimulate actions directed at the elimination of the source of pain. Shedding tears may be a strong means to elicit the parent’s sharing of the infant’s feelings, thereby strengthening caregiver-infant bonding and securing infant survival.     

Expression of nuclear matrix proteins binding matrix attachment regions in prostate cancer. PARP‐1: New player in tumor progression

Prostate cancer (PCa) displays infrequent point mutations, whereas genomic rearrangements are highly prevalent. In eukaryotes, the genome is compartmentalized into chromatin loop domains by the attachment to the nuclear matrix (NM), and it has been demonstrated that several recombination hot spots are situated at the base of loops. Here, we have characterized the binding between NM proteins and matrix attachment regions (MARs) in PCa. Nontumor and 44 PCa tissues were analyzed. More aggressive tumors were characterized by an increase in the complexity of the NM protein patterns that was synchronous with a decrease in the number of proteins binding the MAR sequences. PARP‐1 was the protein that showed the most evident changes. The expression of the PARP‐1 associated with NM increased and it was dependent on tumor aggressiveness. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the protein was significantly overexpressed in tumor cells. To explore the role of PARP‐1 in PCa progression, PCa cells were treated with the PARP inhibitor, ABT‐888. In androgen‐independent PC3 cells, PARP inhibition significantly decreased cell viability, migration, invasion, chromatin loop dimensions and histone acetylation. Collectively, our study provides evidence that MAR‐binding proteins are involved in the development and progression of PCa. PARP could play a key role in the compartmentalization of chromatin and in the development of the more aggressive phenotype. Thus, PARP can no longer be viewed only as an enzyme involved in DNA repair, but that its role in chromatin modulation could provide the basis for a new therapeutic approach to the treatment of PCa.     

实时组织弹性成像在高海拔地区定量诊断肝纤维化

目的探讨在高海拔地区应用实时组织超声弹性成像(real-time tissue elastography,RTE)定量诊断肝纤维化的价值。方法应用RTE对58例高海拔地区慢性乙肝患者肝脏进行检查,获取11个弹性参数,对其进行分析得到弹性指标,并与肝纤维化程度进行对照。结果弹性指标与肝纤维化程度高度相关性,相关系数为0.87(P<0.001),随着肝纤维化程度的增加弹性指标显著增加。RTE阳性为标准绘制ROC曲线图,ROC曲线下面积分别为0.947(S≥S1,P<0.001)、0.916(S≥S2,P<0.05)、0.823(S≥S3,P<0.05)、0.717(S=S4,P>0.05)。结论 RTE在定量诊断肝纤维化中具有一定的临床价值。     

RAS阻断剂对人前脂肪细胞脂联素表达的部位特异性影响

肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)阻断剂可提高体外原代培养的人网膜和皮下前脂肪细胞中脂联素mRNA的表达和蛋白分泌.与噻唑烷二酮类药物相比,RAS阻断剂对网膜来源的细胞具有更强的作用,提示其在以腹型肥胖为特征的代谢综合征干预方面可能具有较大潜力.     

多尺度增强算法在肺结节计算机辅助检测中的应用探讨

目的研究多尺度增强算法对肺小结节的增强能力及将其作为肺结节计算机辅助检测的处理方法的可行性。方法针对肺结节的形态特点,采用高斯函数模拟肺结节,运用多尺度图像增强滤波器算法,增强肺结节提取兴趣区,供后续的分类判别使用。结果通过对肺部CT图像的应用,说明多尺度增强算法能很好地检测疑似肺结节兴趣区。结论多尺度增强算法对帮助医师检测肺结节有明显的作用,是一种有效的图像预处理方法,对肺结节的计算机辅助检测有较大应用价值。     

应用足背皮瓣及异种脱细胞真皮修复面中部血管瘤及临床分析

目的 应用足背皮瓣及异种脱细胞真皮对修复面中部血管瘤的临床效果及术后颌面部组织器官重建进行了探讨.方法 对面中部大面积血管瘤的患者实行了面中部血管瘤切除术+右足背皮瓣游离移植术+右股外侧皮片游离移植术.在术中同时采用异种脱细胞真皮及钛板对鼻部进行了修复,术后随访了解面中部解剖形态和功能恢复情况.结果治疗取得了较好的近期疗效,皮瓣质地柔软,颜色正常,外形不臃肿,鼻部的解剖形态和呼吸功能明显改善,未发现术后并发症.结论 整形外科手术切除治疗儿童口腔颌面部软组织大面积血管瘤在外形和功能均可获满意疗效而且安全.     

不同海拔藏绵羊小肠上皮内淋巴细胞、杯状细胞的数量和分布比较及其意义

目的 探讨不同海拔藏绵羊小肠上皮内淋巴细胞、杯状细胞的数量和分布特征及其意义.方法 采用组织学、组织化学方法和图像分析法,对生活在高海拔(海拔4300m)的5只成年藏绵羊和低海拔(海拔1800m)的4只成年藏绵羊小肠不同肠段的上皮内淋巴细胞、杯状细胞的形象和数量进行观测.结果 高海拔藏绵羊小肠上皮内淋巴细胞数量总体显著低于低海拔藏绵羊,其中十二指肠的上皮内淋巴细胞数量比低海拔藏绵羊的少70.81％ (P ＜0.05),空肠、回肠的上皮内淋巴细胞数量比低海拔藏绵羊多7.76％ (P ＞0.05)、44.33％ (P ＜0.05);高海拔藏绵羊小肠杯状细胞多于低海拔藏绵羊(P＞0.05),其中高海拔藏绵羊十二指肠、空肠的杯状细胞分别比低海拔藏绵羊多57.36％ (P ＜0.05)、30.52％(P ＜0.05),而回肠比低海拔藏绵羊的少27.08％(P＜0.05).结论 高海拔藏绵羊小肠上皮内淋巴细胞数量较低海拔低,可能与高海拔藏绵羊所采食物结构有关,高海拔藏绵羊小肠杯状细胞较低海拔藏绵羊多,说明高海拔藏绵羊小肠黏膜的分泌的黏液多,对小肠黏膜的保护作用强.不同海拔藏绵羊小肠上皮内淋巴细胞及杯状细胞有着各自不同的分布特征,这种分布特征的生理意义有待进一步研究.     

hTERT启动子特异性调控炭疽毒素致死因子表达以杀伤人肺腺癌A549细胞的研究

目的观察人端粒酶逆转录酶启动子(hTERTp)靶向调控炭疽毒素致死因子(LF)表达对人肺腺癌A549细胞活力及凋亡/坏死的影响。方法构建含hTERTp或CMV启动子(CMVp)且表达LF的真核质粒表达载体(phTERTp-LF或pCMV-LF),分别转染人肺腺癌A549细胞株和正常人胚肺成纤维MRC-5细胞株。针对A549、A549hTERTp-LF、A549CMVp-LF、MRC-5、MRC-5hTERTp-LF、MRC-5CMVp-LF六组细胞,分别采用RT-PCR和Western blot检测LF mRNA和蛋白表达,用MTT分析检测细胞活力,用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡/坏死。结果与A549组比较,A549hTERTp-LF组、A549CMVp-LF组均出现明显的LF mRNA和蛋白表达,以及细胞活力降低和凋亡/坏死率上升;与A549hTERTp-LF组相比,A549CMVp-LF组LF mRNA和蛋白表达更高,细胞活力降低和凋亡/坏死率上升更明显。与MRC-5组比较,MRC-5hTERTp-LF组也不能测出LF mRNA和蛋白表达,细胞活力和凋亡/坏死率亦无明显变化,但MRC-5CMVp-LF组的LF mRNA和蛋白表达上升,细胞活力降低和凋亡/坏死率增加。结论 hTERTp能特异性地驱动LF表达并杀伤人肺腺癌A549细胞,但避免了对MRC-5细胞的毒性,可望提供一种针对肺腺癌细胞且不良反应小的靶向治疗策略。